Liquid-fuel burner



(No Moae'l.)

A. H. GALKI'NS. LIQUID FUEL BURNER.

Patented Jan. 21,1890.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALMON H. CALKINS, CHICAGO, ILLlNOIS.

LIQUID-FU EL BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters IPatent No. 419,822, dated January21, 1890. Application filed December '7, 1888. Serial No. 292,933. (Nomodeh) To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ALMON Hb CALxiNs, of Chicago, in the county of Cool;and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Liquid-Fuel Burners; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon,which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in oil-burners of that classshown in a prior application, Serial No. 266,921, filed by me in theUnited States Patent Office March 12, 1888, and comprising parallelplates the adjacent surfaces of which are placed close together, saidplates having an extended area of heating-surfaces, between which thefuel is confined in passing from the supply-pipe to the margins of theplates, where the vapor or gas formed by the heating of the liquid fuelis burned.

The invention consists in the matters here-l inafter described, andpointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, illust-rating the invention, Figure 1 is acentral vertical section of an oil-burner embodying the same, taken uponline 1 1 of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is aplan view of the burner shown in Fig. 1,with a part of the top plate broken away. Fig. 3 is a detail sectionshowing a modification of the construction illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2.

As shown in the said drawings, A is a concave or basin shaped castingforming the exterior shell or casing of the burner. Said shell has anearly fiat bottom and approximately eylindric side walls, and isprovided at its upper margin with an outwardly-extending flange d, whichmay engage suitable lugs or a ledge on a circular stove of the kindshown in dotted lines in Fig. 1, for supporting the burner. Said casingmay, however,

, be otherwise supported within a stove or heating apparatus. Said shellis provided at its bottom, near its center, with a series of airinletopenings a d.

Within the casting A is placed a circular plate B, which is arrangedcentrally within the said casting, abovethe bottom thereof.

Said plate B is somewhat smaller in diameter than the interior of thesaid casting A, and is preferably made in the shape of aflattened cone,arranged with its apex upwardly. The plate may be supported in anysuitable manner within the casting A, but is herein shown as providedwith radial arms or lugs?) b at its margins, which extend outwardly andrest upon an annular ledge a2, formed on the inner surface of the sidewall of the casting A. Said plate B is provided near its outer marginwith an annular rib or flange B', extending upwardly therefrom in themanner illustrated.

C is a second .circular plate, having the same general shape as theplate B and placed over the latter. Said plate C is provided about itsmargins with a deep fiange C', extending upwardly from t-he plate andprovided with an annular recess extending inwardly therefrom from theunder side of the plate C, thereby making' the said flange C hollow, or,in-

other words, giving it a U-shaped form in cross-section. Said U-shapedflange C is fitted to and rests in contact with the flange B` of theplate B. Said plate C is further provided at its middle with a hub c,through which is formed an oil-aperture c', and with which is connectedan oil-supply pipe D.

E is a third plate, having the general shape of the plates B and C andinserted between the same, said plate E being made somewhat smaller indiameter than the plates B and C, so that it will enter freely withinand will not bind at its edges against the said flange B. 8 5

One or both of the plates C and E are recessed at the center thereof toform a small oil-chamber E,'communicating with the inlet-passage c',which extends through the upper plate C. The lower plate B is providedwith a central opening B2, at which the vapor` or gas formed from theoil fed to the burner is burned. As far as the general features of theinvention are concerned, this hole may be varied in size and location,as may be found desirable or necessary in practice. In Fig. 3 the holeis shown as made of considerable size, and said plate B is shown incontact with the under surface of the plate E up to a point near themargins of the hole, so that the IOO vaporor gas is burned as itissuesfrom between the said plates. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, however, thecentral part of the plate B is dropped away from the plate E at itscenter, so as to bring the hole B2 some distance below the center of theplate E, thereby form-V ing a chamber or cavity e at this point, int-owhich the vapor or gas passes from between the plates before it issuesfrom the opening B2 and is burned.

As a separate and further improvement, I provide, in connection with the`plate B, conf structed to form with the plate E a vapor or gas chambere, in the manner described, a vertically arranged tapered plug F, whichpasses through said opening B2, and is adapted for vertical adjustmenttherein to enable the passage for the exit of vapor or gas to beenlarged or diminished, as desired. Said tapered plug F may be adjustably sustained in any suitable manner; but as herein shown it isattached to a vertical shaft F, passing through the bottom of thecasting A, and having screw-threaded engagement with a hub a3, cast uponthe said casting. Said shaft F has a hand-wheel f at its lower end, bywhich it may be easily turned for adjusting the position of the plug.

The plates B, C, and E are placed so close together as to form anexceedingly narrow space between them, and for this purpose are notusually supported free from contact with each other,but are made ofmetalof ordinary smoothness and are allowed to rest one upon the other.The flange B is, however, iitted tightly to the U-shaped flange C', inorder to prevent any considerable escape of vapor or gas at the marginsof the plates B and C. Any slight escape of vapor or gas at these pointsis, however, of no great consequence, inasmuch as the same will beimmediately burned at the outer margins of said plates.

In the operation of the burner thus constructed the oil fed through thepipe D into the chamber E passes outwardly between the plates C, E, andB in the form of a very thin film, and inasmuch as said plates areheated by the flame Yof the burner is converted by the heat into vapor,and is fur ther converted by the heat of such plates into a permanentvapor or gas, which is burned at the orifice B2. The flames from thecombustion taking place at the orifice B2 pass outwardly beneath thebottom plate B to the outer margins of said plate, and escape betweensaid margins of the plate and the sides of the shell A. It will ofcourse be seen that the flames impinge against the said bottom plate Bas they pass outwardly over the same, and thereby retain the said plateand lower plates O and E in contact therewith at a high temperature. Thebottom plate B will, however, be subjected to the greatest heat, anddoes, in fact, often become red hot, so that the vapor or gas passingbetween said plates B and E toward the exit-opening is very highlyheated before it is burned. The form of burner herein shown,

wherein an intermediate plate is interposed 1 between two exteriorplates, and wherein the oil is fed to the center of one of the exteriorplates and burned at the center of the other exterior plate, has theimportant advantage of affording a large area of surfaces between whichthe fuel, either in a liquid, vaporous, or gaseous form, passes on itsway from the oil-inlet pipe to the burning apenl ture B2. As. far asthis general feature of my invention is concerned, it may be carried outby the employment of plates shaped otherwise than in the particularmanner shown, and I desire to claim, broadly, three plates arranged inthe manner described. vIt is entirelyk obvious, for instance, that ajoint be tween the margins of the exterior plates B and C may, as far asthe operation of the three plates themselves is concerned,be madeotherwise than in the particular manner illusL trated.

The particular construction of the plates illustrated, embracing a jointbetween the outer plates made in the manner shown, is, however, ofspecial advantage and utility as affording a cheap and simpleconstruction in the parts, and the same is therefore specificallyclaimed as part of my invention.

I claim as my invention l. A burner for converting liquid fuel intovapor or gas and burning the same, comprising three parallel circularplates placed together with the edges of the exterior plates in contactwith each other, and a fuelfsupply pipe leading to the space between oneof said exterior plates and the intermediate plate at one side of theburner, the exterior plate at the opposite side of the burner beingprovided with a central orifice at which the vapor or gas isburned,.substantially as described.

2. A burner comprising a circular plate B, provided with a marginalflange B', a circular plate C, having a U-shaped marginal flange fittedover the flange B', an intermediate circular plate E, and an oilpipecommunicating with the space between the plates C and E at the center ofthe same, said plate B being provided with a central exit-orifice atwhich the vapor or gas is burned, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the circularplate B, of a circular plate C, anintermediate plate E, and an oil-supply pipe communicating with thespace between the plates C and E at the center of the burner, saidplates B and C being in contact with eachother at their edges, and theplate B being provided with a central vapor or gas exit opening B2, andhaving its central part separated from the plate E to form a vapor orgas chamber c, substantially as described.

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4. The combination, with a circular plate In testimony that I claim theforegoing as B, of plates C and E, said plate B being promy invention Iaffix my signature in presence 1o vided with a central vapor or gas exitorifice of two Witnesses. B2 and bein@ separated from the plate E at thecenter oaf the latter to form a Vapol` or ALMON H' CALKINS' gas chambere, and an adjustable plug F, lo- Wtnessesz cated Within the saidexit-orifice B2, snbstan- C. CLARENCE POOLE7 tially as described. TAYLORE. BROWN.

